In 1959 there was a lecture delivered by the very famous Nobel laureate Richard P. Feynman at the California Institute of Technology (Caltech), in his lecture he said “there’s Plenty of Room at the Bottom”. He actually didn’t practice the word nanotechnology decisively; he was just indicating the presence of a nanoparticle. However, nanotechnology would be utilized widely in a different way in every field; the basic representation of this word remains same in all aspects and is commonly taken as “small particle.” “Nano” means one-billionth, thus nanotechnology deals with materials measured in a billionth of a meter.
Nanotechnology is mainly smearing as to construct or reconstruct of matter under control mechanism through the sympathetic way of science of nanotechnology to create material with fundamentally in order to generate new intrinsic properties, function, and obtain the revolutionary application with the nanometer scale (less than 100 nm).
Nanotechnology is a multidisciplinary science, it can be utilized in biology, physics, chemistry, engineering, and other disciplines. Although, an intrinsic property of nanoparticles is very fascinating, captivating, and separate for many reasons, such as nanoparticles have a very high surface area to volume ratio and make excellent catalysts, nanomaterials are up to 10,000 times smaller than the width of a human hair, is 1/80,000 the diameter of a human hair or approximately ten hydrogen atoms wide, nanomaterial have different property at every single scale from 1 to 100 nm.
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Furthermore, nanoscale materials have a far higher or larger surface area when compared to similar masses of large-scale material, also; it also has a quantum effect, and self-assembly features as well, nanomaterial reveal that it diffuses elevated temperature due to its high surface to volume ratio. Basically, nanotechnology is customized manipulation of atoms or molecules, and molecular clusters, therefore the manufacturing of materials by studying new properties of these atoms and molecules.
Nanotechnology is used in a variety of applications; nanotechnology arose with a high need for nanoparticles which are used in different materials in the nanoscale to enhance the property of these nanomaterials. However, demand for nanotechnology-based nanomaterial is commonly in many technologies and industrial sectors, industries of medicines, ecofriendly and efficient energy uses, industry of therapeutic drug delivery, environment-friendly high-density hydrogen fuel cells, information technology, homeland security, energy sector, food safety, and environmental science, ship manufacturing industry among many others. Nanoscale additives can provide lightweight, airplanes, ships, household items, trucks, cars, motorcycle helmets, solid lightweight bicycles, automobile parts, flexible nanoscale sensors, nanoscale durable washable fabrics, and many more still spare to discuss.
Conclusively, the unseen nanoparticles can also be very helpful to prevent the human body from cancer cells biologically, faster nanoparticle-based microprocessors that devour less energy, batteries, super-capacitors, fuel cells, solar cells produce energy hundreds of times larger energy as compared to conventional sources. These are just some of the many applications of nanotechnology, a discipline with all the bulk elements to turn into the next industrial revolution for the betterment of humanity.
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